update:1.切换数据库PostgreSQL
This commit is contained in:
xiamuceer
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#!/usr/bin/env python3
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"""
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PostgreSQL 数据库自动设置脚本
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功能:
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1. 自动连接到PostgreSQL服务器
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2. 创建数据库和用户
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3. 设置权限
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4. 初始化表结构
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使用方法:
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python backend/scripts/setup_postgres.py
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前置条件:
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- PostgreSQL服务已安装并运行
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- 知道PostgreSQL的超级用户密码（通常是postgres用户）
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"""
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import sys
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import asyncio
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from pathlib import Path
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from getpass import getpass
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import logging
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# 添加项目根目录到Python路径
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sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent.parent))
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try:
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import psycopg2
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from psycopg2 import sql
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from psycopg2.extensions import ISOLATION_LEVEL_AUTOCOMMIT
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except ImportError:
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print("❌ 缺少psycopg2依赖，正在安装...")
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import subprocess
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subprocess.check_call([sys.executable, "-m", "pip", "install", "psycopg2-binary"])
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import psycopg2
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from psycopg2 import sql
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from psycopg2.extensions import ISOLATION_LEVEL_AUTOCOMMIT
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from app.database import init_db
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# 设置日志
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logging.basicConfig(
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level=logging.INFO,
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format='%(message)s'
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)
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logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
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class PostgreSQLSetup:
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"""PostgreSQL数据库自动设置"""
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def __init__(
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self,
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host: str = "localhost",
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port: int = 5432,
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admin_user: str = "postgres",
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admin_password: str = None,
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db_name: str = "mumuai_novel",
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db_user: str = "mumuai",
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db_password: str = "123456"
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):
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"""
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初始化设置参数
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Args:
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host: PostgreSQL主机地址
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port: PostgreSQL端口
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admin_user: 管理员用户名
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admin_password: 管理员密码
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db_name: 要创建的数据库名
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db_user: 要创建的用户名
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db_password: 用户密码
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"""
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self.host = host
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self.port = port
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self.admin_user = admin_user
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self.admin_password = admin_password
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self.db_name = db_name
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self.db_user = db_user
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self.db_password = db_password
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self.conn = None
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def connect_as_admin(self) -> bool:
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"""连接到PostgreSQL（使用管理员权限）"""
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try:
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logger.info(f"🔌 连接到 PostgreSQL ({self.host}:{self.port})...")
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self.conn = psycopg2.connect(
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host=self.host,
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port=self.port,
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user=self.admin_user,
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password=self.admin_password,
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database="postgres" # 连接到默认数据库
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)
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self.conn.set_isolation_level(ISOLATION_LEVEL_AUTOCOMMIT)
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logger.info(f"✅ 已连接到 PostgreSQL")
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return True
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except psycopg2.OperationalError as e:
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logger.error(f"❌ 连接失败: {e}")
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logger.error("\n可能的原因:")
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logger.error("1. PostgreSQL服务未启动")
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logger.error("2. 管理员密码错误")
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logger.error("3. 主机地址或端口错误")
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logger.error("4. pg_hba.conf配置不允许连接")
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return False
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def database_exists(self) -> bool:
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"""检查数据库是否存在"""
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cursor = self.conn.cursor()
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cursor.execute(
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"SELECT 1 FROM pg_database WHERE datname = %s",
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(self.db_name,)
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)
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exists = cursor.fetchone() is not None
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cursor.close()
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return exists
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def user_exists(self) -> bool:
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"""检查用户是否存在"""
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cursor = self.conn.cursor()
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cursor.execute(
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"SELECT 1 FROM pg_user WHERE usename = %s",
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(self.db_user,)
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)
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exists = cursor.fetchone() is not None
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cursor.close()
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return exists
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def create_user(self) -> bool:
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"""创建数据库用户"""
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try:
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if self.user_exists():
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logger.info(f"ℹ️ 用户 '{self.db_user}' 已存在")
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# 询问是否重置密码
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response = input(f"是否重置用户 '{self.db_user}' 的密码? (yes/no): ")
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if response.lower() in ['yes', 'y']:
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cursor = self.conn.cursor()
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cursor.execute(
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sql.SQL("ALTER USER {} WITH PASSWORD %s").format(
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sql.Identifier(self.db_user)
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),
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(self.db_password,)
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)
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cursor.close()
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logger.info(f"✅ 用户密码已更新")
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return True
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logger.info(f"👤 创建用户 '{self.db_user}'...")
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cursor = self.conn.cursor()
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cursor.execute(
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sql.SQL("CREATE USER {} WITH PASSWORD %s").format(
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sql.Identifier(self.db_user)
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),
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(self.db_password,)
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)
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cursor.close()
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logger.info(f"✅ 用户创建成功")
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return True
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except Exception as e:
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logger.error(f"❌ 创建用户失败: {e}")
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return False
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def create_database(self) -> bool:
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"""创建数据库"""
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try:
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if self.database_exists():
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logger.info(f"ℹ️ 数据库 '{self.db_name}' 已存在")
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# 询问是否删除重建
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response = input(f"是否删除并重建数据库 '{self.db_name}'? (yes/no): ")
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if response.lower() in ['yes', 'y']:
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logger.warning(f"⚠️ 删除数据库 '{self.db_name}'...")
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cursor = self.conn.cursor()
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# 断开所有连接
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cursor.execute(
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sql.SQL("""
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SELECT pg_terminate_backend(pg_stat_activity.pid)
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FROM pg_stat_activity
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WHERE pg_stat_activity.datname = %s
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AND pid <> pg_backend_pid()
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"""),
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(self.db_name,)
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)
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cursor.execute(
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sql.SQL("DROP DATABASE {}").format(
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sql.Identifier(self.db_name)
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)
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)
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cursor.close()
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logger.info(f"✅ 数据库已删除")
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else:
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return True
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logger.info(f"🗄️ 创建数据库 '{self.db_name}'...")
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cursor = self.conn.cursor()
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cursor.execute(
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sql.SQL("CREATE DATABASE {} OWNER {}").format(
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sql.Identifier(self.db_name),
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sql.Identifier(self.db_user)
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)
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)
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cursor.close()
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logger.info(f"✅ 数据库创建成功")
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return True
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except Exception as e:
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logger.error(f"❌ 创建数据库失败: {e}")
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return False
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def grant_privileges(self) -> bool:
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"""授予用户权限"""
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try:
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logger.info(f"🔐 授予用户权限...")
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cursor = self.conn.cursor()
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# 授予数据库所有权限
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cursor.execute(
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sql.SQL("GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE {} TO {}").format(
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sql.Identifier(self.db_name),
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sql.Identifier(self.db_user)
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)
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)
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cursor.close()
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logger.info(f"✅ 权限授予成功")
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return True
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except Exception as e:
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logger.error(f"❌ 授予权限失败: {e}")
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return False
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def update_env_file(self) -> bool:
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"""更新.env文件"""
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try:
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env_file = Path(__file__).parent.parent / ".env"
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database_url = (
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f"postgresql+asyncpg://{self.db_user}:{self.db_password}"
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f"@{self.host}:{self.port}/{self.db_name}"
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)
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if env_file.exists():
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# 读取现有内容
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with open(env_file, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
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lines = f.readlines()
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# 更新DATABASE_URL
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updated = False
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for i, line in enumerate(lines):
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if line.startswith('DATABASE_URL='):
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lines[i] = f"DATABASE_URL={database_url}\n"
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updated = True
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break
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if not updated:
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lines.append(f"\nDATABASE_URL={database_url}\n")
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# 写回文件
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with open(env_file, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
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f.writelines(lines)
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else:
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# 创建新文件
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with open(env_file, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
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f.write(f"DATABASE_URL={database_url}\n")
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logger.info(f"✅ .env 文件已更新")
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logger.info(f" DATABASE_URL={database_url}")
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return True
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except Exception as e:
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logger.error(f"❌ 更新.env文件失败: {e}")
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return False
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async def initialize_tables(self) -> bool:
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"""初始化数据库表结构"""
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try:
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logger.info(f"📋 初始化数据库表结构...")
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await init_db('system')
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logger.info(f"✅ 表结构初始化成功")
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return True
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except Exception as e:
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logger.error(f"❌ 初始化表结构失败: {e}")
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return False
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def close(self):
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"""关闭数据库连接"""
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if self.conn:
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self.conn.close()
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logger.info(f"🔌 已断开连接")
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async def setup(self) -> bool:
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"""执行完整设置流程"""
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try:
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# 1. 连接
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if not self.connect_as_admin():
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return False
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# 2. 创建用户
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if not self.create_user():
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return False
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# 3. 创建数据库
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if not self.create_database():
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return False
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# 4. 授予权限
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if not self.grant_privileges():
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return False
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# 5. 更新配置
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if not self.update_env_file():
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return False
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# 6. 关闭管理员连接
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self.close()
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# 7. 初始化表结构
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if not await self.initialize_tables():
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return False
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return True
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except Exception as e:
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logger.error(f"❌ 设置过程出错: {e}")
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return False
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finally:
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if self.conn:
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self.close()
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async def main():
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"""主函数"""
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print("""
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╔═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
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║ PostgreSQL 数据库自动设置工具 ║
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║ ║
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║ 此工具将自动完成: ║
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║ 1. 连接到PostgreSQL服务器 ║
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║ 2. 创建数据库和用户 ║
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║ 3. 设置权限 ║
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║ 4. 初始化表结构 ║
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║ 5. 更新.env配置文件 ║
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╚═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝
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""")
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# 获取配置
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print("请输入PostgreSQL配置信息:\n")
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host = input("主机地址 [localhost]: ").strip() or "localhost"
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port = input("端口 [5432]: ").strip() or "5432"
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port = int(port)
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admin_user = input("管理员用户名 [postgres]: ").strip() or "postgres"
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admin_password = getpass(f"管理员密码: ")
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print("\n请输入要创建的数据库信息:\n")
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db_name = input("数据库名 [mumuai_novel]: ").strip() or "mumuai_novel"
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db_user = input("数据库用户名 [mumuai]: ").strip() or "mumuai"
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db_password = getpass("数据库用户密码 [mumuai123]: ") or "mumuai123"
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print(f"\n{'='*60}")
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print(f"配置摘要:")
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print(f" 服务器: {host}:{port}")
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print(f" 数据库: {db_name}")
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print(f" 用户: {db_user}")
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print(f"{'='*60}\n")
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response = input("确认开始设置? (yes/no): ")
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if response.lower() not in ['yes', 'y']:
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print("已取消设置")
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return
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# 执行设置
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setup = PostgreSQLSetup(
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host=host,
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port=port,
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admin_user=admin_user,
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admin_password=admin_password,
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db_name=db_name,
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db_user=db_user,
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db_password=db_password
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)
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print(f"\n{'='*60}")
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success = await setup.setup()
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print(f"{'='*60}\n")
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if success:
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print("🎉 PostgreSQL设置完成!\n")
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print("下一步:")
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print("1. 启动应用: python -m app.main")
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print("2. 访问: http://localhost:8000")
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print("3. 查看API文档: http://localhost:8000/docs")
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else:
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print("❌ 设置过程中出现错误，请检查日志")
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print("\n故障排查:")
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print("1. 确认PostgreSQL服务正在运行")
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print("2. 检查管理员用户名和密码")
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print("3. 查看PostgreSQL日志")
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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asyncio.run(main())
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Reference in New Issue
Block a user