diff --git a/backend/scripts/init-database.js b/backend/scripts/init-database.js
index 347a0be..c6a11cd 100644
--- a/backend/scripts/init-database.js
+++ b/backend/scripts/init-database.js
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@
  * 如需单独运行：node backend/scripts/init-database.js
  */
 
+require('dotenv').config({ path: require('path').join(__dirname, '..', '.env') });
+
 const { sequelize } = require('../db');
 const SystemSetting = require('../models/SystemSetting');
 const Consumable = require('../models/Consumable');
@@ -22,6 +24,22 @@ const FaultCategory = require('../models/FaultCategory');
 const InventoryPlan = require('../models/InventoryPlan');
 const InventoryTask = require('../models/InventoryTask');
 const InventoryRecord = require('../models/InventoryRecord');
+const Warehouse = require('../models/Warehouse');
+const Cable = require('../models/Cable');
+const DeviceField = require('../models/DeviceField');
+const DevicePort = require('../models/DevicePort');
+const NetworkCard = require('../models/NetworkCard');
+const PendingDevice = require('../models/PendingDevice');
+const Business = require('../models/Business');
+const DeviceBusiness = require('../models/DeviceBusiness');
+const Role = require('../models/Role');
+const Permission = require('../models/Permission');
+const UserRole = require('../models/UserRole');
+const Ticket = require('../models/Ticket');
+const TicketField = require('../models/TicketField');
+const TicketOperationRecord = require('../models/TicketOperationRecord');
+const BackupLog = require('../models/BackupLog');
+const OperationLog = require('../models/OperationLog');
 
 // 默认系统设置（包含中文描述）
 const defaultSettings = [
@@ -224,30 +242,47 @@ async function initDatabase() {
     await sequelize.authenticate();
     console.log('数据库连接成功');
 
-    // 同步所有模型（按依赖顺序）
+    // 同步所有模型（按依赖层级顺序）
+    // 第0层：无外键依赖的独立模型
     console.log('开始同步模型...');
-
-    // 基础模型
     await User.sync({ alter: true });
     await Room.sync({ alter: true });
-    await Rack.sync({ alter: true });
-    await Device.sync({ alter: true });
-    await FaultCategory.sync({ alter: true });
-
-    // 耗材相关模型
+    await Warehouse.sync({ alter: true });
+    await Role.sync({ alter: true });
+    await Permission.sync({ alter: true });
+    await Business.sync({ alter: true });
     await ConsumableCategory.sync({ alter: true });
     await Consumable.sync({ alter: true });
-    await ConsumableLog.sync({ alter: true });
-    await ConsumableRecord.sync({ alter: true });
-    await ConsumableLogArchive.sync({ alter: true });
-
-    // 盘点相关模型
-    await InventoryPlan.sync({ alter: true });
-    await InventoryTask.sync({ alter: true });
-    await InventoryRecord.sync({ alter: true });
-
-    // 系统设置
+    await FaultCategory.sync({ alter: true });
+    await DeviceField.sync({ alter: true });
+    await TicketField.sync({ alter: true });
     await SystemSetting.sync({ alter: true });
+    await BackupLog.sync({ alter: true });
+    await ConsumableLogArchive.sync({ alter: true });
+    await OperationLog.sync({ alter: true });
+
+    // 第1层：仅依赖第0层
+    await Rack.sync({ alter: true });
+    await UserRole.sync({ alter: true });
+    await InventoryPlan.sync({ alter: true });
+    await ConsumableRecord.sync({ alter: true });
+
+    // 第2层：依赖第0-1层
+    await Device.sync({ alter: true });
+    await InventoryTask.sync({ alter: true });
+
+    // 第3层：依赖第0-2层
+    await Cable.sync({ alter: true });
+    await NetworkCard.sync({ alter: true });
+    await DevicePort.sync({ alter: true });
+    await DeviceBusiness.sync({ alter: true });
+    await Ticket.sync({ alter: true });
+    await PendingDevice.sync({ alter: true });
+
+    // 第4层：依赖第0-3层
+    await TicketOperationRecord.sync({ alter: true });
+    await InventoryRecord.sync({ alter: true });
+    await ConsumableLog.sync({ alter: true });
 
     console.log('数据库表结构同步完成');
 
diff --git a/backend/server.js b/backend/server.js
index 36d5164..1f3cc5c 100644
--- a/backend/server.js
+++ b/backend/server.js
@@ -95,18 +95,44 @@ async function syncBusinessModels() {
   const Business = require('./models/Business');
   const DeviceBusiness = require('./models/DeviceBusiness');
   const Warehouse = require('./models/Warehouse');
+  const Cable = require('./models/Cable');
+  const DevicePort = require('./models/DevicePort');
+  const NetworkCard = require('./models/NetworkCard');
+  const PendingDevice = require('./models/PendingDevice');
+  const Role = require('./models/Role');
+  const Permission = require('./models/Permission');
+  const UserRole = require('./models/UserRole');
+  const Ticket = require('./models/Ticket');
+  const TicketOperationRecord = require('./models/TicketOperationRecord');
 
-  // 仅在开发环境使用 sync({ alter: true })，生产环境应使用 migrations
   if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
-    await Business.sync({ alter: true });
-    await DeviceBusiness.sync({ alter: true });
     await Warehouse.sync({ alter: true });
-    logger.info('业务/设备关联/库房模型同步完成（alter mode）');
+    await Business.sync({ alter: true });
+    await Role.sync({ alter: true });
+    await Permission.sync({ alter: true });
+    await UserRole.sync({ alter: true });
+    await Cable.sync({ alter: true });
+    await DevicePort.sync({ alter: true });
+    await NetworkCard.sync({ alter: true });
+    await DeviceBusiness.sync({ alter: true });
+    await PendingDevice.sync({ alter: true });
+    await Ticket.sync({ alter: true });
+    await TicketOperationRecord.sync({ alter: true });
+    logger.info('业务/库房/工单等扩展模型同步完成（alter mode）');
   } else {
-    await Business.sync();
-    await DeviceBusiness.sync();
     await Warehouse.sync();
-    logger.info('业务/设备关联/库房模型同步完成（safe mode）');
+    await Business.sync();
+    await Role.sync();
+    await Permission.sync();
+    await UserRole.sync();
+    await Cable.sync();
+    await DevicePort.sync();
+    await NetworkCard.sync();
+    await DeviceBusiness.sync();
+    await PendingDevice.sync();
+    await Ticket.sync();
+    await TicketOperationRecord.sync();
+    logger.info('业务/库房/工单等扩展模型同步完成（safe mode）');
   }
 }
 
@@ -213,6 +239,7 @@ async function initAutoBackupScheduler() {
 async function initializeApp() {
   try {
     await syncDatabase();
+    await syncBusinessModels();
     await initDeviceFields();
     await initTicketFields();
     await initTicketModels();
@@ -221,7 +248,6 @@ async function initializeApp() {
     await syncInventoryModels();
     await syncBackupLogModel();
     await syncOperationLogModel();
-    await syncBusinessModels();
     await initDefaultSystemSettings();
     await initFaultCategories();
     await initAutoBackupScheduler();